Southwark planning applications

Tower Bridge Tower Bridge Road London Southwark SE1

Details pursuant to Condition 3 'Detailed drawing' of Listed Building Consent 24/AP/2858 'Listed building consent for the removal of modern metal gantries and associated works following removal, alterations to to the a modern glazed door to create a window, replacement / repair of the existing timber fenders and metal sign to the underside of Tower Bridge at the southern abutment (Revised description).'

Land East Of Crown Street Between Wyndham Road And Bethwin Road Including The Former Crown Street Depot And The Bethwin Road Adventure Playground Crown Street Camberw

Details of condition 4 (Soft-Strip Construction Environmental Management Plan) pursuant to planning permission 22/AP/1818 (Variation of condition 1 (approved plans) of planning permission dated 24.10.2017 ref. 16/AP/2511 for: "Variation of Condition 2 "Approved Plans" of planning permission 13/AP/0561 for: Redevelopment of the site including the demolition of existing depot building and erection of four new residential buildings of between six and nine storeys accommodating 69 dwellings and 137m2 of Class A1/A2/A3 space (retail/services/cafe), 9 disabled car parking spaces, cycle parking, private and communal amenity space including a new public square and landscaping, plus refurbishment and single storey extensions to the existing Bethwin Road playgroup building (Class D1 use) with associated landscaping. Amendments sought to Blocks 2, 3, 4 and 5 including: - Reconfiguration of residential layouts and associated ancillary stores and facilities; - Minor changes to the height, width and footprint of individual Blocks; - Minor changes to architectural expression, including alignment and size of windows; - Revised balcony design and sizes; - Retail space switches from Block 3 to Block 5; - Reduction in amount of accessible roof terraces; - Updated technical studies including daylight, sunlight and energy." The variation comprises the substitution of approved plans to secure amendments to Blocks 2, 3 and 5 including: - Regularising the as built block heights; - Amendments to the footprints to incorporate non-combustible insulation and cavity barriers; - Regularising the as built alignment and size of windows; - Regularising the as built ground floor ancillary areas; - Removal of existing brickwork and combustible insulation, provision of A1 fire rated insulation, cavity barriers, and closers, and re-cladding of the buildings with brick; - Alternative cladding to balconies.)

50 Avondale Rise London Southwark SE15 4AL

Construction of a single-storey ground floor side and rear extension, together with the erection of a detached garden room for ancillary domestic use.

Arch 190 And 15-17 Park Street London Southwark SE1 9AB

Installation of two air condenser units and the display of 2 externally illuminated painted signs and an externally illuminated hanging sign. Replacement of the ground floor rear window and bars with new louvre.

Arch 190 And 15-17 Park Street London Southwark SE1 9AB

Installation of two air condenser units and the display of 2 externally illuminated painted signs and an externally illuminated hanging sign.

31 Clements Road London Southwark SE16 4DW

Proposed side infill extension to the rear of the property

Tower Bridge Business Complex 100 Clements Road Aka Biscuit Factory And Bermondsey Campus Site Keetons Road London SE16 4DG

Details of condition 69 (Circular economy - early stage) in relation to Building W as required by planning permission ref. 23/AP/2124 dated 12/03/2024 for 'Demolition, alterations and extension of existing buildings and erection of new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme including providing new dwellings (Class C3), flexible Class A1/A3/A4/B1/D1/D2, flexible multi-use Class A1/A3/A4/D1 floorspace within retained Block BF-F, and a new secondary school. The development also includes communal amenity space, landscaping, children's playspace, car and cycle parking, installation of plant, new pedestrian, vehicular and servicing routes, the creation of two new pedestrian routes through the Railway Arches and associated works; and Outline planning permission (with all matters reserved) for the part demolition and part retention of existing buildings and erection of two new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme, providing new homes (Class C3) and flexible multi-use floorspace (Class A1/A3/A4/D1), and other associated works. Amendments to planning permission 17/AP/4088 and variation of its conditions including: Increase the total number of homes from 1536 to 1624 Increased provision of social rent homes Changes to massing and architecture Changes to the quantum and allocation of non-residential floorspace Removal of block R and basement under block RST with its ramp Revised provision of public realm, playspace and tree planting Enhanced fire strategy for each building Increased communal spaces for residents Reconfigured parking provision Revised energy and overheating strategy'.

Tower Bridge Business Complex 100 Clements Road Aka Biscuit Factory And Bermondsey Campus Site Keetons Road London SE16 4DG

Details of condition 70 (Whole life carbon - early stage) in relation to Building W as required by planning permission ref. 23/AP/2124 dated 12/03/2024 for 'Demolition, alterations and extension of existing buildings and erection of new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme including providing new dwellings (Class C3), flexible Class A1/A3/A4/B1/D1/D2, flexible multi-use Class A1/A3/A4/D1 floorspace within retained Block BF-F, and a new secondary school. The development also includes communal amenity space, landscaping, children's playspace, car and cycle parking, installation of plant, new pedestrian, vehicular and servicing routes, the creation of two new pedestrian routes through the Railway Arches and associated works; and Outline planning permission (with all matters reserved) for the part demolition and part retention of existing buildings and erection of two new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme, providing new homes (Class C3) and flexible multi-use floorspace (Class A1/A3/A4/D1), and other associated works. Amendments to planning permission 17/AP/4088 and variation of its conditions including: Increase the total number of homes from 1536 to 1624 Increased provision of social rent homes Changes to massing and architecture Changes to the quantum and allocation of non-residential floorspace Removal of block R and basement under block RST with its ramp Revised provision of public realm, playspace and tree planting Enhanced fire strategy for each building Increased communal spaces for residents Reconfigured parking provision Revised energy and overheating strategy'.

789-799 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1NZ

Details of Condition 9 'Digital Connectivity' required by planning permission 23/AP/2365, which gave consent for: "Demolition of the existing building and the construction of a self-storage facility (Use Class B8), food retail unit (Use Class E(a)) and light industrial units (Use Class E(g)(iii)), together with undercroft service yard and car parking area, landscaping and a public pedestrian/cycle way".

Tower Bridge Business Complex 100 Clements Road Aka Biscuit Factory And Bermondsey Campus Site Keetons Road London SE16 4DG

Details of condition 28a (Green/brown roofs) in relation to Building F as required by planning permission ref. 23/AP/2124 dated 12/03/2024 for 'Demolition, alterations and extension of existing buildings and erection of new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme including providing new dwellings (Class C3), flexible Class A1/A3/A4/B1/D1/D2, flexible multi-use Class A1/A3/A4/D1 floorspace within retained Block BF-F, and a new secondary school. The development also includes communal amenity space, landscaping, children's playspace, car and cycle parking, installation of plant, new pedestrian, vehicular and servicing routes, the creation of two new pedestrian routes through the Railway Arches and associated works; and Outline planning permission (with all matters reserved) for the part demolition and part retention of existing buildings and erection of two new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme, providing new homes (Class C3) and flexible multi-use floorspace (Class A1/A3/A4/D1), and other associated works. Amendments to planning permission 17/AP/4088 and variation of its conditions including: Increase the total number of homes from 1536 to 1624 Increased provision of social rent homes Changes to massing and architecture Changes to the quantum and allocation of non-residential floorspace Removal of block R and basement under block RST with its ramp Revised provision of public realm, playspace and tree planting Enhanced fire strategy for each building Increased communal spaces for residents Reconfigured parking provision Revised energy and overheating strategy'.

Tower Bridge Business Complex 100 Clements Road Aka Biscuit Factory And Bermondsey Campus Site Keetons Road London SE16 4DG

Details of condition 45 (Delivery and servicing plan) in relation to Building ST as required by planning permission ref. 23/AP/2124 dated 12/03/2024 for 'Demolition, alterations and extension of existing buildings and erection of new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme including providing new dwellings (Class C3), flexible Class A1/A3/A4/B1/D1/D2, flexible multi-use Class A1/A3/A4/D1 floorspace within retained Block BF-F, and a new secondary school. The development also includes communal amenity space, landscaping, children's playspace, car and cycle parking, installation of plant, new pedestrian, vehicular and servicing routes, the creation of two new pedestrian routes through the Railway Arches and associated works; and Outline planning permission (with all matters reserved) for the part demolition and part retention of existing buildings and erection of two new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme, providing new homes (Class C3) and flexible multi-use floorspace (Class A1/A3/A4/D1), and other associated works. Amendments to planning permission 17/AP/4088 and variation of its conditions including: Increase the total number of homes from 1536 to 1624 Increased provision of social rent homes Changes to massing and architecture Changes to the quantum and allocation of non-residential floorspace Removal of block R and basement under block RST with its ramp Revised provision of public realm, playspace and tree planting Enhanced fire strategy for each building Increased communal spaces for residents Reconfigured parking provision Revised energy and overheating strategy'.

Kingsdale School Alleyn Park London Southwark SE21 8SQ

Certificate of Lawful Development (Proposed) for the siting of 4 no. temporary modular classrooms within the school grounds to provide temporary teaching accommodation.

Chatelain House 182-202 Walworth Road London Southwark SE17

Written notice regarding the implementation of the scheme (in accordance with Clause 5.1.1 of S106 agreement LEG/RP/PL/S106/648), as of 5th October 2026 associated with 24/AP/0892

651-657 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1JU

Details of Condition 26 'Green, Brown and Blue Roofs' pursuant to planning permission 24/AP/0255, which gave consent for: "Variation of Condition 1 'Approved Plans', Condition 2 'Time and quantum of uses' and Condition 26 'Green, Brown and Blue Roofs' attached to planning permission 19/AP/1710[...]"

651-657 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1JU

Details of Condition 31 'Flood Warning and Emergency Evacuation Plan' pursuant to planning permission 24/AP/0255, which gave consent for: "Variation of Condition 1 'Approved Plans', Condition 2 'Time and quantum of uses' and Condition 26 'Green, Brown and Blue Roofs' attached to planning permission 19/AP/1710[...]"

14A Grove Park London Southwark SE5 8LR

Non-material amendment of planning permission 25/AP/0562 'Demolition of the existing building (retaining the existing single storey facade of the building) and its replacement with a new part single/part two storey dwelling with basement and a replacement garden room within the rear garden.'. Non-material amendments sought: To remove the basement from the development and the words 'basement and' from the description of the application. The amended description would read as follows: 'Demolition of the existing building (retaining the existing single storey facade of the building) and its replacement with a new part single/part two storey dwelling with a replacement garden room within the rear garden'.

651-657 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1JU

Details of Condition 24 'Hard and Soft Landscaping' pursuant to planning permission 24/AP/0255, which gave consent for: "Variation of Condition 1 'Approved Plans', Condition 2 'Time and quantum of uses' and Condition 26 'Green, Brown and Blue Roofs' attached to planning permission 19/AP/1710[...]"

789-799 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1NZ

Details of Condition 8 'Final Ground Plane Spot Levels Plan' as required by planning permission 23/AP/2365, which gave consent for: "Demolition of the existing building and the construction of a self-storage facility (Use Class B8), food retail unit (Use Class E(a)) and light industrial units (Use Class E(g)(iii)), together with undercroft service yard and car parking area, landscaping and a public pedestrian/cycle way".

11 Champion Grove London Southwark SE5 8BN

Listed building consent to demolish an existing 1980s rear extension and replace with a new single-storey extension that extends just over half of the existing rear elevation. The extension will use natural stone and light-toned natural lime wash render.

Rylstone Grove Park London Southwark SE5 8LT

T1 Lime tree - Remove dead pollarded lime tree and grind stump. Plant replacement tbc. T2 Lime tree - Repollard to 2m. T3 Yew tree - Reduce the canopy by 20% and remove lower lateral branches overhanging the pavement to provide 5m clearance.

21 Bywater Place London Southwark SE16 5ND

Erection of a single-storey rear extension at ground floor level and the construction of a dormer roof extension

1A Oakhurst Grove London Southwark SE22 9AH

T1 Willow tree - Section fell to ground level and poison stump

5 Alleyn Park London Southwark SE21 8AU

T1 - Oak Tree- Growing on the front road-side boundary by the northern entrance- To Remove Deadwood throughout the crown Lift the epicormic/lowest growth over the pavement to provide a minimum clearance of 2.5m above ground level To Trim the growth around the streetlamp as necessary to maintain clearance and to allow light to pass through. To thin out the density of this branch to reduce the weight and therefore result in the branch lifting. If this is not sufficient, cut back this lower branch to clear obstruction to the lamp post T2 - Golden False Acacia - Growing on the southern side of the property- To Crown Reduce by up to 1.5m, on the longest growths to improve shape and size, all to suitable growing points. T3 - Dead Cherry Tree- Growing in the back garden- To Fell to as low as possible above existing ground level

11 Champion Grove London Southwark SE5 8BN

Demolition of the existing 1980s rear extension and erection of a replacement single-storey rear extension.

55 Playfield Crescent London Southwark SE22 8QR

Erection of cycle and refuse store within the front garden following removal of front boundary fence, including minor associated landscaping.

789-799 Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15 1NZ

Details of condition 21 'Cycle Parking Facilities' required by planning permission 23/AP/2365, which gave consent for: "Demolition of the existing building and the construction of a self-storage facility (Use Class B8), food retail unit (Use Class E(a)) and light industrial units (Use Class E(g)(iii)), together with undercroft service yard and car parking area, landscaping and a public pedestrian/cycle way".

106 Croxted Road London Southwark SE21 8NR

Five Day Notification for tree works: Removal of a TPO Copper Beech tree approximately 24m in height situated in the front garden. This is due to Meripilus giganteus being present for a number of years. Shows significant decline in the upper canopy so needs to be removed quickly. Replacement requirement for this case: Applies. Proposed replacement or agreed alternative: Pinus sylvestris 'fastigiata' at the same location. Minimum size: Standard: 8-10cm.

38 New Concordia Wharf Mill Street London Southwark SE1 2BB

Details of condition 3 ' Interaction between the new partitions and any historic' required by Listed building consent 25/AP/3096

Southwark Underground Station And Adjoining Land The Cut London Southwark SE1 8JZ

Details of condition 27(Crane Strategy and Scaffolding Report) pursuant to planning permission 24/AP/2770 (Demolition and redevelopment to provide a purpose built student accommodation building of 15 storeys (plus basement and rooftop plant) with retail and/or cafe uses within Use Class E on the ground floor, and a residential building of 9 storeys (plus rooftop plant) to accommodate the required affordable housing within Use Class C3, with community uses within Use Class F1 on the ground floor; together with cycle parking, refuse/recycling storage, servicing, improvements to Joan Street, landscaping and other works.)

New City Court 4-26 St Thomas Street London SE1 9RS

Non-material amendment of planning permission 24/AP/3803 (Redevelopment of the site to include: - Redevelopment of the existing 1980s office building with partial demolition (including demolition of the St Thomas Street entrance building and the King's Head Yard facade); the construction of side extensions and upward extension to add 5 storeys and create a 10-storey office building plus plant, balconies and roof terraces; - Redevelopment of Keats House (nos. 24-26 St Thomas Street) with retention of the historic frontage and construction of a roof extension to add one storey of office floorspace; - Restoration and refurbishment of the listed Georgian terrace (nos. 4-16 St Thomas Street) to create level front entrances to the offices, internal alterations and new glazed roof to the rear courtyard (with separate LBC application ref. 24/AP/3804); - Associated public realm and highway works to St Thomas Street and King's Head Yard, cycle parking and all ancillary works.)

Unit 1 And Unit 4 Canada Water Retail Park Surrey Quays Road London Southwark SE16 2XU

Details of condition 49 (Parts B + C) (Preliminary Risks Assessment - Contamination) pursuant to planning permission 24/AP/3718 (Full planning permission for the demolition of all buildings and structures and the comprehensive redevelopment of the site to provide the following new development: On Plot A, two new buildings (A1 and A2) to provide offices (Class E(g)) with retail/food and drink/professional services (E(a/b/c) with a shared basement, servicing, parking and other ancillary accommodation; On Plot B, two new buildings to provide; in Building B1, purpose-built student accommodation (sui generis) with community use (F2), in Building B2, residential (C3) with retail/food and drink (E(a/b)); with basements, servicing, parking and other ancillary accommodation; Works of hard and soft landscaping, replacement of trees and planting of new trees; new vehicular access points from Surrey Quays Road and Canada Street, along with other incidental works.)

46 Keston Road London Southwark SE15 4JB

Non-material amendment of planning permission 25/AP/3056 (Construction of an L-shaped dormer roof extension with an increase in the ridge height of 300mm and the addition of two rooflights in the front roof slope.) to change the loft cladding material from grey standing seam metal to Pigmento Red standing seam zinc.

The Ledbury Estate Commercial Way And Old Kent Road London Southwark SE15

Details of condition 35 'SBD Certificate' required by planning permission ref. 24/AP/2136 'Variation of Condition 1 'Approved Plans' pursuant to planning permission 22/AP/0554 (as amended by 23/AP/0953, 24/AP/2453 and 25/AP/0522), which gave consent for: The redevelopment of the Ledbury Estate involving the demolition of Bromyard House, Skenfrith House, Sarnsfield House and Peterchurch House and the erection of 6 blocks to provide 340 new homes (including 224 replacement homes), provision of Class E space fronting Old Kent Road at ground floor level, together with re-provision of the tenants & residents association hall and multi-use games area, access, servicing, car parking, cycle parking, cycle storage, plant, play and open space and landscaping. The amendments include the following: - Amendments to introduce second staircases on Building B1 & B4 - Amendments to the wheelchair accessible dwelling strategy - Amendments to the Phase 2 landscape design - Amendments to Phase 2 cycle storage and servicing strategy on Buildings B1/B2/B3/B4 - Minor enhancements to external expression and materiality - Minor amendments to the elevations - Omission of roof top level plant screens'

56 - 62 Lordship Lane London Southwark SE22 8HJ

Removal of 3 no. existing antennas and replacement with 6 no. new antennas (3 no. on existing wall-mounted support poles, 1 no. on proposed wall-mounted support pole and 2 no. on existing free-standing frame); removal of 12 no. existing RRU's on 2 no. freestanding frames and replacement with 15 no. new RRU's on 3 no. proposed wall-mounted support poles; installation of 2 no. transmission dishes; internal upgrade of the existing equipment room; and ancillary development thereto.

Elephant And Castle Development Site Elephant And Castle London Southwark

Installation of partially illuminated hoardings for a temporary period of 5 years.

145 Court Lane London Southwark SE21 7EE

5 Day Notification: Overall reduction and reshape to T1 Magnolia. Reducing a tree of approximately 5.5m to 3.5m in Height and up to 2m in lateral spread. Reason to facilitate works in association with planning permission ref: 25/AP/3369 'Renovation including a lower-ground floor with front and rear lightwells, construction of a ground-floor rear extension, internal alterations on all floors, refurbishment of the existing elevations and windows, alterations to the loft including revised staircase and refurbished dormer to include zinc cladding, and installation of an air source heat pump'. All works in accordance with BS:3998:2010 as discussed onsite with LPA Urban Forester during the pre-commencement site visit.

Tate Modern 53 Bankside London Southwark SE1 9TG

Installation of temporary sculpture on south landscape for a duration of two years

19 Village Way London Southwark SE21 7AN

Variation of Conditions 1 (approved plans) pursuant to planning permission 25/AP/0826 (Rebuilding the entirety of a partially collapsed garden brick wall along the boundary with 21 Village Way)

66 Blenheim Grove London Southwark SE15 4QL

Works to tree with a TCA: T1- acacia dealbata. 170 mm in diameter at a height of 1.5 m. The base of the tree shows signs of infestation, this part of the tree to be removed. T2 - acacia dealbata. 220 mm in diameter at a height of 1.5 m. Extensive growth could blow over causing damage to other trees and plants in the garden. Tree proposed to be cut down.

31 Beauval Road London Southwark SE22 8UG

Works to tree with a TCA: T1 - Sycamore tree. To remove four lower branches encroaching over the garden at 1 Tamsyn Mews and reduce the remaining overhanging branches by up to approximately 4 metres, pruning back to suitable growth points and maintaining a balanced crown.

Tower Bridge Business Complex 100 Clements Road Aka Biscuit Factory And Bermondsey Campus Site Keetons Road London SE16 4DG

Details of condition 62 (Noise: Fixed Plant and Equipment) relating to Building DE only, as required by planning permission ref. 23/AP/2124 dated 12/03/2024 for (Demolition, alterations and extension of existing buildings and erection of new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme including providing new dwellings (Class C3), flexible Class A1/A3/A4/B1/D1/D2, flexible multi-use Class A1/A3/A4/D1 floorspace within retained Block BF-F, and a new secondary school. The development also includes communal amenity space, landscaping, children's playspace, car and cycle parking, installation of plant, new pedestrian, vehicular and servicing routes, the creation of two new pedestrian routes through the Railway Arches and associated works; and Outline planning permission (with all matters reserved) for the part demolition and part retention of existing buildings and erection of two new buildings comprising a mixed-use scheme, providing new homes (Class C3) and flexible multi-use floorspace (Class A1/A3/A4/D1), and other associated works. Amendments to planning permission 17/AP/4088 and variation of its conditions including: Increase the total number of homes from 1536 to 1624 Increased provision of social rent homes Changes to massing and architecture Changes to the quantum and allocation of non-residential floorspace Removal of block R and basement under block RST with its ramp Revised provision of public realm, playspace and tree planting Enhanced fire strategy for each building Increased communal spaces for residents Reconfigured parking provision Revised energy and overheating strategy.)

9 And 11 Gowlett Road London Southwark SE15 4HX

Variation of Condition 1 (Approved Plans) pursuant to planning permission 25/AP/2550 dated 27/02/2026 for 'Demolition of existing buildings and construction of nine (4 x bedroom) C3 residential dwellings with associated access, landscaping, boundary treatment, cycle parking and refuse storage'. The amendments include the following: - Fenestration and door alterations, including revised windows and lintel details to the front elevation of No. 9, rectangular glazed toplights above the entrance doors to all nine dwellings, removal of recessed brick areas and the addition of second-floor French doors to the rear elevation of No. 9, and enlarged first-floor windows to the rear elevation of No. 11. - Relocation of the air source heat pumps serving Houses 1 and 8. - Relocation of the cycle and bin storage serving House 1. - Mirroring of the internal arrangement of Houses 5 and 6. - Provision of home-office outbuildings within the gardens of Houses 1 and 8. - Provision of a basement beneath the terrace of dwellings for storage and ancillary floorspace. - Installation of a security gate and intercom at the site access. - An expansion of the hardstanding area and associated revisions to the landscape layout (previously approved under NMA 26/AP/2028).

60-64 Great Suffolk Street London Southwark SE1 0BL

Variation of Condition 1 (Approved plans)of planning permission 26/AP/1148 (Internal alterations and amalgamation of Nos. 60, 62 and 64 Great Suffolk Street, including the creation of internal connections between the premises, alterations to the front boundary of Nos. 60 and 62, and the retention and re-provision of gallery/community exhibition floorspace (Use Class F1(b)) with associated Class E commercial accommodation.)

121 Hollydale Road London Southwark SE15 2TF

Certificate of lawfulness (proposed) for construction of a single storey garden room across the rear of the garden, not taller than 2.5m within 2m of the boundary, and installation of bike/bin store to front garden, and power point for future EV charging point

Unit 1 12 Verney Road London Southwark SE16 3DH

Prior approval for demolition under Schedule 2, Part 11, Class B of the Town and Country (General Permitted Development) (England) Order 2015 (as amended) (the 'Order') at 6-12 Verney Road, London, SE16 3DH (the 'Site').

1 Orient Street London Southwark SE11 4SR

Listed building consent for retiling an existing mansard roof to the front elevation of a house.

127 Burbage Road London Southwark SE21 7AF

Works to tree with a TCA: T1: Eucalyptus - To reduce the height by up to 2.5m back to suitable growth points.

13 Gowlett Road London Southwark SE15 4HX

Single storey rear extension, installation of rooflights to the front roof slope, reinstating the front door to its original position and installing sash windows throughout.

14 Weller Street London Southwark SE1 1QU

1x Silver Birch: Reduce the lateral crown spread by up to 1m (1.5m at the widest points) to leave a spread of 1.5m to 2m, raise the crown to 3m, and crown thin by 15% through the removal of crossing branches and congested growth, with no reduction in height. To create fastigiate form tree for small urban space and to give good clearance of the building

63 North Cross Road London Southwark SE22 9ET

Change of use from hot food takeaway (Sui Generis) to Class E (Commercial, Business and Service).